Regulasi Kecerdasan Buatan dalam Perspektif Hukum Nasional: Menyeimbangkan Inovasi dan Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia

Aldi Munazri Rambe

doi:10.64691/nizamiyah.v1i3.55

Authors

Aldi Munazri Rambe Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64691/nizamiyah.v1i3.55

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence Regulation; National Law; Innovation; Human Rights; Algorithmic Accountability

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) presents significant opportunities for economic transformation, enhanced public services, and improved bureaucratic efficiency, but also poses serious challenges to human rights protection, including potential privacy violations, algorithmic discrimination, and inadequate legal accountability. In the context of national law, the urgency of AI regulation is growing increasingly important, given that Indonesia is still in the early stages of developing a legal framework capable of balancing the need for innovation with the protection of citizens’ fundamental rights. This study aims to analyze the urgency and direction of artificial intelligence regulation in Indonesia from a national legal perspective, focusing on the balance between encouraging innovation and guaranteeing human rights. The method used is normative juridical research with a legislative and conceptual approach, as well as an analysis of AI regulatory practices in several countries as comparative material. The results show that AI regulation in Indonesia is still partial, spread across a number of sectoral laws, and does not yet provide a comprehensive legal framework. Existing regulations emphasize aspects of personal data protection and cybersecurity, while aspects of ethics, algorithmic accountability, and the legal responsibilities of AI developers and users are still minimally regulated. Comparisons with the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act and AI ethics frameworks in other countries underscore the need for specific regulations that are adaptive, pro-innovation, and grounded in human rights principles. In conclusion, Indonesia needs holistic AI regulations to prevent potential human rights violations and foster a globally competitive innovation ecosystem.

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