An Exegetical Analysis of Surah al-Mumtaḥanah (Verses 8–9) from the Perspective of Sayyid Quṭb and Its Relevance to the Boycott Movement Against Pro-Israel Products

Abstract

Exegesis of Surah al-Mumtaḥanah [60]: 8–9 frequently serves as a reference point in debates concerning just relations between Muslims and non-Muslims, as well as the legitimacy of boycotting products associated with support for Israel. The challenge lies in determining the scope for applying Quranic textual principles to contemporary economic actions without overlooking evidence of corporate involvement. This study aims to analyze Sayyid Quṭb’s interpretation of these two verses, identify the normative principles he developed, and examine their relevance and limits of applicability within boycott movements. Using a qualitative, library-based approach, the study draws on Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’ān and the Qur’anic text as primary sources, alongside academic literature and relevant documents as secondary sources. Data were gathered through literature and document reviews and subsequently analyzed from textual, conceptual, and normative perspectives. The findings indicate that Quṭb’s interpretation links the structure of the verses to a distinction between those who do not wage war against Muslims and those who engage in or abet hostility. The principles of al-birr (benevolence) and al-qisṭ (justice) provide a foundation for evaluating fair treatment and equity, without using religious difference as a pretext for hostility. Applying them to boycotts requires examining corporate involvement, the appropriateness of the target, proportionality, and alignment between campaign demands and intended objectives. The verses do not explicitly mandate modern boycotts; the legitimacy of such actions requires normative argumentation and verified evidence, rather than relying on identity or political affiliation alone.