BERG, Kutsal van den; BEDNER, Bart; ZHENG, Martijn; GROTE, Philipp; SHEMA, Alisha. The Contestation of Interpretational Authority between ʻUlamāʻ and Artificial Intelligence: A Critical Study of AI Epistemology in Quranic Studies. Al-Qarawiyyin: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin, [S. l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 20–38, 2026. DOI: 10.64691/dh6rwb84. Disponível em: https://ejournal.albahriah-institut.org/index.php/al-qarawiyyin/article/view/116. Acesso em: 3 aug. 2026.