Safrizal, Muhammad, Stephen Baker, Josef Peterson, Zara Amaefule, and Khalid S Hamad. “The Transformation of Quranic Studies in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: An Epistemological Shift from Classical Scientific Tradition to the Digital Ecosystem”. Al-Qarawiyyin: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin 2, no. 1 (March 27, 2026): 39–58. Accessed August 3, 2026. https://ejournal.albahriah-institut.org/index.php/al-qarawiyyin/article/view/120.